Posts in Fabrics & Certifications2
How To Make Your Clothes Last Longer
 

10 tips for prolonging the life of your clothing

When we think about sustainable fashion, we often picture clothes made and sold by eco-friendly and ethical clothing companies.

But sustainable fashion isn't just about purchasing clothes from better, fairer brands rather than fast fashion ones. It's also about how we see and treat our clothes and switching from a throw-away mindset to one that considers the actual value of our clothes.      

After all, we haven't always shopped as much or in the manner, we do now. Before the boom of the physical stores, we are all familiar with, periodic markets and fairs were the norm. 

Acquiring all sorts of goods from craftspeople at a fair price probably helped us see that making clothes is a complicated and time-consuming craft requiring many skills. Nowadays, realizing this can be more complex as buying cheap clothes manufactured miles and miles away is the standard.      

Even though not all of us can switch to a more old-timey way of shopping that supports local artisans and uses local resources, we can still treat our clothes the way people did when they saw them as precious investments. Learning how to treat clothes right is also a budget-friendly approach to sustainable fashion, which is more reason to start. Keep on reading to learn how!       

  1. Turn your clothes inside out before washing

As we all know, things can go wrong with the washing machine. Nothing is worse in the world of household chores than taking the time to wash a garment to realize that it didn't come out as clean as you wish. 

A fantastic way to ensure that your clothes will come out squeaky clean is to turn them inside out before tossing them in the washing machine. 

This trick is incredibly convenient when washing tighter-fitting clothes, which tend to collect more gunk as worn closer to the body. So make sure to try turning your body-con dresses and leggings inside out.  

Plus, the side that gets washed more fades faster in the long term. As it's way better if the side getting the shorter end of the stick is the one that none but you see, use this little trick, especially with darker garments.    

2. Use gentle settings and mild detergent

The choice of setting and detergent is crucial in prolonging the lifespan of your garments. As a rule of thumb, go as gentle as possible. 

Washing clothes at lower temperatures will prevent them from getting stretched or shrinking, and the colors will fade slower. The same goes for detergents, as harsher detergents may damage the garment. Some particularly delicate fabrics are pretty picky and need to be washed with specific mild detergents, and using aggressive products may have an even more significant impact on them. 

To keep your clothes looking beautiful for longer, you might also want to be mindful of the amount of detergent you use. When you use too much of it, you may have residue on your clothes, which may not get cleaned properly. 

3. Read the label carefully

If you want to make your clothes last longer, clothing labels are your best friends! That's because they give all the info you'll need to keep your clothes looking sharper for longer.   

The catch here is that one has to actually follow the instructions, no matter how annoying the washing process may be. If the label says you cannot wash the garment at home but have to take it to the dry cleaner, using the washing machine may do severe damage.   

The care needs of a garment may be one of the characteristics you evaluate when purchasing clothes. This way, you won't buy clothes that are too high maintenance for you and that you might not often wear. 

4. Be careful with jeans, new t-shirts, leggings, and other stretchy clothes

So clothes have the nasty habit of stretching in the washing machine. If you have a few of those, you may have ended up with a couple of damaged garments. To keep that from happening again, you could try hand washing them.

Handwashing could be an excellent strategy for new t-shirts because sometimes new garments release some dye in the water during the first wash. So washing these pieces individually by hand can also keep them from staining your other clothes.  

5. Try hang-drying your clothes, if that's possible

Hanging your clothes to dry is the standard practice in many places of the world, where the use of dryers is very much the exception to the rule. If you instead are someone who regularly dries your clothes in the dryer, you might want to try to hang dry them instead.  

This practice has many benefits. It is way eco-friendlier and will save you a lot of money, not to mention the long-term positive impact on your clothes. Dryers can significantly affect your garments, as not only can the heat scorch them, but it can also cause shrinking, and in time it can wear the fabrics down.   

You can try hanging them to dry in a well-lit and well-ventilated area of the house where there is no risk of them catching the cooking smell. If you can hang them to dry outside, that's even better, as your clothes will dry faster and smell amazing. Just ensure that dark clothes aren't exposed to direct sunlight for a long time, as that might cause fading.     

6. Get your clothes repaired when they need it (or do it yourself)

Sewing is a valuable skill: getting familiar with needles and thread saves you time and money. 

There are plenty of sewing courses and tutorials floating around the internet, but if that's not something you can or want to pick up, you might want to check if there are any tailors in your area.  

Either way, you'll get to repair your clothes before any damage becomes too substantial. This way, you won't have to purchase new ones to replace them. 

Garments areas that tend to bear most of the wear and tear are the seams and the hems. So make sure to get your seams sewn up when they start to come loose.

Hems can also come loose, but you (or the tailor) can quickly fix them with the help of needle and thread, plus a clothes iron to flatten out the garment.

P.S. There's no need to throw away clothes just because they get worn out - they make for excellent (free) pajamas, and if they are past even that point, you can use them as rags!

7. Remove stains as soon as you notice them

One doesn't have to be a professional messy-eater, a couch-dinner fan, or a soup lover to end up with a nasty stain on one of their beloved clothes.  

As you might have noticed, stains only get stubborner with time. Acting quickly will save you from having to treat and potentially damage the garment and, of course, from having to wash the whole thing.  

Each garment and each stain type will react better to some approaches than others, but speed will be your friend regardless.   

8. Store knits flat in your closet or drawer

Knits and hangers don't get along well. That's because the weight of your sweater or cardigan can cause stretching over time, not to mention that hangers can deform looser, thinner knitwear in the shoulder area.   

For these reasons, it's way better to store them lying flat or folded carefully to avoid hanging them if that's something you can do.  

9. Check your knits for piling and get rid of it 

This phenomenon significantly affects sweaters and scarves. Some people may read this unappealing surface defect as a sign that the garment's life has ended, as it's too worn out to keep around. 

You can actually remove these tiny balls of fiber with the help of a specific de-pilling tool. If that's not something you want or can get your hands on, you can cut them off carefully with a pair of scissors.

On the topic of sweaters: moth holes are a common defect in these garments. You can hand-mend them with matching thread if there aren't too many. Alternatively, you could get creative and patch up the holes with fabric scraps of a different color for a quasi-polka-dot effect.

10. Don't wash your clothes too often

Let's face it, many of us have the habit of washing clothes that don't need to be washed already. If you feel like that sounds a lot like you, try this simple thick. 

When you come home, instead of immediately throwing your clothes straight into your closet (or the washing machine), put them on hangers and let them air out for a few hours in a ventilated area of your home.    

This small act of attentiveness can do wonders, especially for clothes made of natural materials such as cotton or linen, and can save you a lot of time spent doing and folding your laundry.  

With a little more thoughtful care and the help of these tips, you can stretch the life of your clothes and save money too. 


About the Author:

Roberta Fabbrocino is a journalist specialized in climate change and sustainability-related topics. Her articles have been published in several international eco-publications. Roberta also works as a content writer for sustainable companies.


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Is Piñatex a Sustainable Leather Alternative?
 
image: Svala

image: Time IV Change

Disclosure: Some of the links below are affiliated, we earn a small commission if you click through and make a purchase. We only add brands & products we truly believe in.

a guide to the Vegan Leather Piñatex & Brands Who use it

Before we dive into Piñatex—what it is, and why we love it—let’s talk briefly about why a material designed to be used in place of leather and synthetics needs to exist in the first place. 

The need for alternative leather

On the animal side of things, let’s start with sustainability. All animal-derived leathers are processed skins, tanned in order to make them last. This, in turn, renders these skins non-biodegradable (yes, even when they’re vegetable tanned). Cowskin leather is the third most impactful material of all to produce, according to Sustainable Apparel Coalition data, with Amazonian Rainforest clearing, enormous greenhouse gas emissions, and wasteful water use behind it.  

What’s more, animal leather is made from sentient individuals, and purchasing it financially contributes to ongoing cruelty—like mutilation—and slaughter. It’s for this reason that leather is actually considered by the meat and dairy industries as a ‘co-product’, not a ‘by-product’. For this reason, many people opt for vegan leather. And while cow skin leather has a worse eco-impact than even synthetics like polyurethane, fully synthetic materials are not an eco-friendly solution. They are made from plastic, and fuel harmful mining industries. They will also never biodegrade, resulting in plastic waste and pollution. 

What is Piñatex, and how is it made?

Dr. Carmen Hijosa, having once worked amidst the leather industry, saw a need for a fashion solution that was free from both animals and a heavy reliance on petrochemicals. Thus, she came to create Piñatex, one of the first primarily plant-based leather alternatives to become more widely available. 

Piñatex is largely made up of pineapple plant leaves. It is not the leaves sprouting out the top of the sweet fruit, but rather out of the plant which pineapples themselves spurt out of. Normally in pineapple production, these leaves are simply discarded.

To create Piñatex, these leaves, which for now all if not mostly come from the Philippines, are instead pulled apart into long, stringy fibres. Next, in the non-rain season, they are dried under the sun. These fibres are then turned into a kind of fluff, which gets mixed up with a corn-based polylactic acid. 

At this point, the material is sort of like a felt. This felt gets coloured with GOTS-certified dye and coated with resin made from water-based PU, which is REACH compliant to ensure environmental safety. It’s at this point that the material is completed to make a strong, sturdy, and more water- and wear-resistant material that is great for everyday use. 

Image: Svala

Image: Svala

Is Piñatex a sustainable material?

Piñatex is an extremely low-impact material. Before we get into this though, it’s worth noting that, just like cow skin leather and synthetic leather, the material is not 100% biodegradable. However, the base of the material—the mixed-up pineapple leaf fibre and corn-based polylactic acid—is biodegradable, but just in controlled industry conditions (so don’t put it in your compost bin at home). This base material makes up about 95% of the entirety of Piñatex.

Given that none of these materials (leather, synthetic leather, or Piñatex) are completely biodegradable, what’s perhaps more important to talk about when it comes to environmental impact is production. When considering impacts like global warming, fossil fuel use, water scarcity, chemistry, and eutrophication (which can lead to dead zones in waterways and oceans), Piñatex has an extremely small comparative impact. To produce the pineapple-leaf-based material, the eco-impact is about two-thirds less than that of polyurethane synthetic leather. Compared to cow skin leather, Piñatex is around an incredible nine times less impactful to produce. 

This is because producing this material is far less water-intensive, releases less greenhouse gas emissions, involves a lot less chemistry and fossil fuels, and leads to less eutrophication as well.

Is Piñatex also ethically produced?

Sustainability is not the only important factor to consider when choosing a material; ethics must come into play, too. Not only is Piñatex free from animal slaughter, but the humans involved in producing this bio-based material are treated well, too. 

Earlier it was noted that the leaves of pineapple plants are normally discarded. Just like selling cow skins makes raising cattle for the sale of meat far more profitable, selling leaves to create Piñatex makes growing pineapples for fruit sales much more financially beneficial. Essentially, the creation of Piñatex has created a pineapple fruit co-product, economically supporting farmers and their communities in the Philippines. Each year, about 13 million tonnes of leaves from the global pineapple industry are turned from waste into profitable materials, thanks to Piñatex!

This is important because too often we forget to consider not only who made our clothes and accessories, but who made the materials and grew the fibres that make up these items. Piñatex is produced in a supply chain that is largely transparent, with information about where each process takes place available for everyone to see. 

Sustainably Chic | Sustainable Fashion Blog | What is Pinatex? | Vegan Leather Alternatives | Pineapple Leather Fabric.jpg

How does Piñatex perform?

The coating on this material allows for a more sturdy, long-lasting finish. Piñatex softens over time, like animal-derived leather, and can be cared for with balms, similar to those used on animal leathers, too.

Piñatex has also released Piñatex Performance, a material with a slightly higher PU percentage, which is even more sturdy and long-lasting. This particular material is especially beneficial to those seeking to use it for instances where high water and abrasion resistance is important. For example, this material might be preferred for some shoemakers, but is less needed for bag makers. Piñatex Performance is still 58% biodegradable. 

Where can I get Piñatex?

There are a whole lot of brands creating gorgeous bags, shoes, wallets, watches, and even jackets with Piñatex. Below, you’ll find some favourite brands making ethical, sustainable garments, shoes, and accessories.

Luxtra

Carries | Bags, wallets, & small accessories

A brand that is always at the forefront of material innovation, Luxtra is made ethically in Florence, Italy.

The brand uses Piñatex in their bags, wallets and other accessories.

Look out for their cactus and apple leather bags, too! 


Svala

Carries | Handbags & accessories

This sustainable handbag brand uses materials like Piñatex and cork to create totes, backpacks, purses, and wallets. Everything is handcrafted in L.A. from premium, European, innovative fabrics. The inspiration for Svala’s name comes from Iceland, where the founder, Helga's, mother is from. Svala means swallow in Icelandic; the swallow bird is a symbol of love, loyalty, freedom, and hope in many cultures.


Time IV Change

Carries | Watches for men & women

Made in a Hong Kong factory with ethical credentials, Time IV Change is an Australian designed and owned brand creating watches with leather-free straps.

The label’s Piñatex collection offers gorgeous, classic, and minimal styles.


Nae

Carries | Shoes for men & women

This Portuguese vegan footwear brand creates one of the best pinatex shoe collections.

From heels to sandals and boots to sneakers, they have a pinatex shoe for every day of the week.

NAE is short for No Animal Exploitation, and their shoes and accessories are manufactured in certified ethical factories in Portugal.


HFS Collective

Carries | Bags, wallets, and more

This brand is locally and ethically handcrafted in Los Angeles, and creates bags and purses from Piñatex.

These bags are also lined with sustainable materials like eco-suede made from 70% recycled and 30% plant-derived materials. 


No Saints

Carries | Sneakers for men & women

This shoe brand is ethically made shoes in Portugal, and designed with love in Australia.

Using Piñatex, alongside other sustainable, animal-free materials, they create sneakers that are as comfortable on your feet as they are kind to the planet.


Conclusion

Even a decade ago, it was almost impossible to find leather alternatives that weren’t made from fossil fuels. But lucky for us, that’s changing! There are now so many great leather alternatives like Piñatex that are not only more ethical when it comes to animal rights, but also plastic-free and beautiful, too!


Emma+Hakansson+(1).jpeg

About the Author

Emma Håkansson is the founder and director of Collective Fashion Justice which seeks to create a total ethics fashion system that prioritizes the life and wellbeing of non-human & human animals, as well as the planet, before profit & production. She has written countless articles on ethics, sustainability, and fashion, and has two books due out over the next two years.


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What is Linen? & Why This Lovely Fiber is So Sustainable
image: NEU NOMADS

image: NEU NOMADS

 

All About Linen & How it Is a Sustainable Fabric

I have always thought of linen as something used for my grandma’s table clothes or naturally wrinkled pants. However, it is so much more than that. Let’s dive into the world of the lovely fabric of linen and discover more.

A Little Background on Linen

Linen is the oldest known textile, with linen fibers being found in ancient caves in SouthEast Europe that are believed to date back to around 36,000 years! Mentions of linen were even found on tablets in ancient Greece. Find out more about the history of linen here. Linen has long been considered a luxurious fabric, and linen bedding was handed down in Europe through generations as a family heirloom. It was also traded as a commodity in Egypt and valued in Mesopotamia. Most production is done in Europe, accounting for 80% of worldwide production. I was really surprised to discover linen is more used in fashion than houseware. In addition to being used in clothing and housewares, linen use is growing in technical applications. It seems this versatile fabric is pretty special.

Flax Flow

Flax Flowers

What Is Linen and How is it Made?

Linen is a fabric made from the flax plant; yes, the same plant that gives us flax seeds for nutrition. The short version of linen production is that the linen fibers are separated from the plant, combed for softness, then spun into yarn. Here is a little more detail for those of us that are textile geeks.

  • Fibers are cut from the plant or pulled by hand from the ground.

  • Seeds are removed, and then the fibers go through retting, which entirely removes the fibers from the plant.

  • Next, the fibers are separated, and the longest pieces are collected together.

  • The yarn is woven into long sheets of fabric.

Recent technologies in knitting operations have created ultra-fine yarns and more elastic fabric. The European Confederation of Linen and Hemp provides thorough information on the whole process on its site. It is an easy and interesting read – definitely worth a few minutes of your time.

Image: Linenme

Image: Linenme

What Is There to Love About Linen?

There are so many characteristics that make linen a versatile fabric. Amongst its best qualities are:

  • Strong and durable – 30% stronger than cotton

  • Absorbent – can absorb up to 20% of its weight in moisture

  • Breathable – the long wide fibers make linen very breathable

  • Keeps you cool yet can be insulating

  • Long lasting – due to its long fibers and strength, linen can hold up for many years

  • Gets softer with time, washing and wear

So What’s Not to Love?

No fabric is perfect, though, so what about linen is not so wonderful? The main complaint about linen is it wrinkles very easily. Ironically some of its best characteristics would make linen clothes a great choice for travel, but the wrinkling keeps it from being a favorite, especially amongst frequent travelers. Look for linen and organic cotton blends to reduce wrinkling and still have travel-worthy clothes. Linen can also tear or have permanent creases set if pulled and twisted too roughly too often. See the section on caring for linens to get the most life out of them.

Finally, due to the manual harvesting and production process, linen can be expensive. Linen only accounts for 1% of fabric production despite its great qualities due to cheaper, more wrinkle-resistant fabrics like cotton.

image: Laude Label

What Makes Linen Sustainable?

Flax harvesting and linen production are naturally very sustainable, so not much has to be done to lessen the impact of production on the planet or people. Flax grows easily, requires little pesticides, absorbs carbon, and uses less water than more popular fabrics like cotton. Flax is also used as a rotation crop, improving the quality of the soil, helping support the growth of other crops, and reducing soil erosion.

When the flax plant is harvested, it is used for many things like flaxseeds, flaxseed oil, and linseed oil. According to the European Confederation of Linen and Hemp, producing a linen shirt uses 6.4 liters of water compared to 2,700 liters for a cotton shirt. Therefore, growing and harvesting flax is really easy on the planet overall.

When selecting linen products, look for naturally occurring colors such as ivory, ecru, oatmeal, and taupe. White linens are bleached, and other colors are usually dyed with chemical dyes, which can cause soil and water pollution. If you can find naturally dyed fabrics, though, go for it. Retting using a chemical process can release harmful chemicals into the environment, and water retting can waste a lot of water. Try to find products that use dew retting, or reduce or recycle their water. More and more European flax is being sent to China for processing into linen. To help ensure the production is sustainable and ethical, look for organic linen, transparent information on growing and production processes, and for items made in Europe. Japan is also a growing producer of high-quality linen made sustainably and ethically. Flax harvesting is labor-intensive, so look for fair trade certification or transparency about labor practices.

The European Confederation of Linen and Hemp and the Council of Fashion Designers have even more information about the sustainability of linen if you want to dig in more.

Are There Certifications for Linen and Which Ones?

There are two certifications that can help you identify linens that are produced to a high quality and sustainably. Certifications are not required to feel pretty confident about linen being people and planet-friendly, and they do add even more transparency and confidence about what you are buying.

OEKO-TEX 100 Class 1 Certification

This means the finished product must adhere to 100 requirements related to quality and the use of non-toxic substances. The products must also be tested by 18 independent, accredited institutes in Europe and Japan.

European Flax® certification

This certification ensures traceability during every step of the production process. Certified producers commit to zero irrigation, no GMOs, zero waste, and no chemical use during fiber extraction. They are also operated by the standards of the International Labour Organization (ILO), ensuring high standards for labor rights and working conditions are met. The graphic below shows the rigor of the certification process. Currently, the certification is exclusively for the fabric produced in France, Belgium, and the Netherlands.

Sustainably Chic | Sustainable Fashion Blog | What is Linen? | European Flax Traceability Chain.jpg

 What about organic?

Some linen products are certified organic or GOTS organic, and unfortunately not many. In fact, less than 1% of European linen is certified organic. Flax is a crop that is rotated every 7 years. For the flax to be certified organic, all crops grown on the same land must be certified organic too. Since flax production naturally creates a small environmental footprint and is done with so few pesticides, it is not likely worth it for most growers to go through the additional time and expense of achieving organic certification.

What is Linen Used For?

Linen is used in household products such as sheet sets, table linens, curtains, bags, towels, upholstery, and more. Linen is so strongly associated with household materials; linen has become a generic term for describing things like towels, bedding, and tablecloths, no matter what material they are made from.

Linen’s use in fashion has grown a lot in the last few decades too. Nearly 70% of European’s linen is used in fashion. It is also often used to sew embroidery in garments since it is such a strong material. So, when looking for a new pair of shorts, a skirt, a summer blouse, or whatever, don’t forget to look for linen options. Linen blends are usually the most desirable due to the wrinkling I mentioned previously. Personally, I need new bed sheets, and finding linen ones is at the top of my list.

Linen also has many industrial uses, thanks to its strength. The most common industrial uses include insulation, filtration materials, reinforced plastics, sewing thread, surgical thread, and twine. And fun fact: linen makes up 25% of the American dollar.

How Do I Care for Linen?

Like any other fabric, one of the best ways to improve its sustainability is to care for it in a way that lengthens its life. Good news – you can machine wash and dry your linens! Here are some tips I discovered for how to best care for this lovely fabric:

  • Wash on low temperatures in warm or cold water in the gentle cycle with a mild detergent. High temperatures can shrink and weaken the fabric over time.

  • Do not bleach linen. Fabric softeners are not needed as linen naturally softens with washing, and the chemicals could reduce its natural absorbency and ability to wick away moisture. Besides, fabric softeners are not very environmentally friendly – I personally prefer using dryer balls to dryer sheets.

  • Dry at a low temperature, remove when damp, and then hang dry for softer, less wrinkly garments. This also reduces wear and tear.

  • You can try to iron linen and will get most wrinkles out, but it will take time. Embrace the creases and wrinkles – it is part of linen’s appeal. If you do prefer the smooth look, iron at a medium-hot temperature while still damp and use a little steam when needed.

  • You don’t need to do anything special with linen when storing it. Do avoid plastic bags and cardboard boxes, though – you don’t want your fabrics to get musty or dusty.

How Will You Add Linen to Your Life? 

Now that you know more about linen, will you be using it? What products do you most want to find with linen or a linen blend? Hubby and I decided we needed a new sheet set for our anniversary, and after doing my research, I chose a linen set that is just what we need. I will love the softness; he will love the cooling properties. If you are searching for linen clothes, check out this post. No matter what you choose, if you purchase a product with linen, you are sure to love it (just embrace the wrinkles – it makes life easier).


About the Contributor: Mindy Redburn-Smoak has enjoyed a 20+ year career in corporate learning as a consultant, designer, and manager. She is passionate about sustainable living, family, travel, and dog rescue. She has been on a mission to live more sustainably for several years, and loves the journey of learning and trying new things in this space. She is on another journey pursuing her dream of writing about things she is passionate about and that can make a difference in the world. The best way to connect with Mindy is via email at mredsmoak@gmail.com.


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What Does Biodegradable Mean? & Sustainable Fashion Brands Who Use Biodegradable Fabrics
 
Image from Harvest & Mill, a sustainable brand who creates biodegradable fashion

Image from Harvest & Mill, a sustainable brand who creates biodegradable fashion

What Does Biodegradable Mean & Brands who Make Biodegradable clothing

With so many companies wanting to target the consumers interested in a greener way of living, there’s a lot of sustainable terms now being used as key buzzwords without any context. It is part of the greenwashing tactics that have become increasingly popular. If you’re not familiar with greenwashing, you can read more about it in this article. One of the terms being used more and more often is “biodegradable.” You might see this on plastic cutlery, laundry detergent, disposable dishes or body care products. So what does biodegradable actually mean? Keep reading to find out more!

What does biodegradable mean?

When something is biodegradable, it can break down naturally from the elements, bacteria, or living organisms in the surrounding soil. ASTM International, a global standards development organization, sets standards for testing and materials. In the United States, to qualify as biodegradable, 60% of the item must break down within 180 days by using a commercial compost facility. It seems simple, but don’t skip the last bit of that criteria by using a commercial compost facility. How many people have easy access to a commercial compost facility? Not very many, and even if they do, they might not know it’s necessary for proper disposal. This is why items and materials labeled “biodegradable” can be misleading to consumers, especially without proper disposal instructions. Consumers must be educated and understand the full process because when certain materials break down, they can leave behind microplastics, toxic chemicals, and even metal, which affects the environment. Biodegradable materials also need water and oxygen to break down properly. If the products are smothered and buried in heaps of trash without enough of these elements, they will give off methane gas during the decomposing process, which is a greenhouse gas contributor. 

What should we do with biodegradable products?

Most products are not compostable because a home compost does not get hot enough. If sent to the landfill, they most likely won’t get enough water or air to decompose properly. Recycling these items also doesn’t work well because biodegradable plastics are not compatible with conventional plastic, so they contaminate the load and cause additional quality issues. The best way to deal with biodegradable products is to take them to the proper commercial compost facility. Some examples of biodegradable materials are cotton, hemp, cork, paper, wood, while materials like nylon and spandex are not. To find a commercial composting facility that processes biodegradable products near you, check out this website.

The difference between biodegradable and compostable

You might be wondering the difference between biodegradable and compostable because they sound like similar processes, and they are. However, compostable materials are organic matter, like food or yard waste, so they don’t leave behind any toxins and are much faster to decompose. Composted materials enrich the soil where they decompose and benefit the environment. While biodegradable items can be organic, they do not have to be and usually are not. They usually take years to decompose and often leave traces of pollutants, which are harmful to the environment. To put it simply, all compostable material is biodegradable, but not all biodegradable material is compostable. If you want to read more about composting, check out my other article, “What is Compostable” for more information.


Biodegradable fashion

With the ability to use natural materials and fabrics, the biodegradable fashion industry can’t stop there. It is also important that the dyes and pigments used are biodegradable so that when the fibers are breaking down into the environment, they are non-toxic and not polluting the soil. Natural dyes can be made from vegetables, seeds, roots and other plant-derivatives instead of the typical petrochemicals used in the synthetic dye process.  

Biodegradable Clothing Brands

Here are some clothing brands that offer truly biodegradable clothing and fully encompass the sustainable values and practices..

The Very Good Bra

A zero-waste basics company which offers inclusive sizing, 100% botanically-sourced materials, and even replacement straps for their bras to lengthen the life of their best-selling product. 

 Danu Organic

Using only 100% organic fabric, Danu offers unisex clothing for your everyday life. They are fully transparent with their sourcing, manufacturing and are a circular company.

 Sustain

Styles for almost any occasion, Sustain embodies fully sustainable values and their fabrics and dyes actually benefit your body as you wear their clothes, instead of distributing toxins. You can also see Sustain featured in this Sustainably Chic post.

Harvest and Mill

Organic clothing made using natural color and organic heirloom cottons that are either entirely dye-free, non-toxic dye or natural dyes.

Agaati

For when you’re ready to get dressed up or slip into something outside your typical everyday outfit, Agaati has beautiful styles for any social event. Agaati uses non-toxic dyes and natural materials for their collections. Read more about this company on this Sustainably Chic brand feature post!

Perspective Fitwear

Performance apparel with a purpose so that your fitness wear works as hard as you do! Perspective Fitwear features Good Human Tech fabric which is landfill-degradable technology, provides SPF 50+ protection, sweat-wicking, fast-drying, antimicrobial, odor-controlling, and feels buttery smooth on the skin. Perspective Fitwear is a Sustainably Chic favorite, showcased in this outfit post.


Bio-Nylon Technology

Bio-nylon is a synthetically made fiber created from renewable resources like castor oil, making it a sustainable version of a very desirable and popular textile. The best part is bio-nylon is also biodegradable making it a much more eco-friendly option than the typical petroleum-based nylon. The two largest sources of micro-plastic pollution in the ocean are from synthetic fibers polluting water during washing and synthetic nylon fishing nets. Think of the impact on our environment if bio-nylon is regularly used in clothing and fishing nets instead? You can find brands who use bio-nylon at the end of this post here.


Instead of purchasing items simply because they are biodegradable, check to be sure they will be able to be broken down properly. If you don’t have proper facilities for biodegradable products near you, look for easily recyclable materials or low-waste alternatives. For example, glass is not biodegradable but is easily recycled and durable for repeated use and recycling. Popular biodegradable products you see created and marketed for the eco-conscious consumer are disposable cups, dishes, cutlery, toothbrushes, straws, and packaging materials. All of these items have reusable or recyclable options that will be easier to dispose of or repurpose properly. However, when thinking long term, biodegradable products are the future of textiles. With approximately 10 million tons of clothing sent to landfills each year, incorporating fully biodegradable materials into our everyday use will dramatically reduce our environmental impact, which is a change we would love to see!


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About the Contributor

Karmen Flores is a creative entrepreneur based in Michigan. Karmen shares all about plant-based and sustainable, intentional living on her blog Karmen Collective. From recommendations for all things plant-based to tips for living more sustainably, Karmen makes living with intention less intimidating and more accessible. You can connect with Karmen on Instagram @karmencollective and at www.karmencollective.com.


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What Is Fair Trade? What Does the Label Mean? (And Fashion Brands That Use It)
 

A Guide to Fair Trade Fashion

Fast fashion is causing serious harm to garment workers and the environment. In addition to being one of the most polluting industries in the world, human rights are constantly ignored, threatening the lives of millions of women in developing countries.

This unethical and unsustainable way of producing clothes has to stop!

As consumers, we have the power to “vote with our dollars”. We can show brands what we are willing to support and what we condemn.

A great way to stand up for a more ethical and sustainable fashion is to choose fair trade clothing whenever we can!

Fortunately, the number of fair trade products has been increasing significantly in the past decades. There are also many fair trade labels, but it’s sometimes difficult to know what they mean and which ones are legitimate.

If you need guidance to choose more ethical products, here is a complete blog post about the fair trade movement! 

It will help you learn about the different fair trade labels, and will offer an insight into several fair trade certified brands.

What is fair trade?

Fair trade is a movement that advocates for fairer wages for small producers, protects them from over-taxation, and ensures they have access to export markets. 

It’s also promoting safe and humane working conditions and the eradication of forced labor.

Fair trade implies that producers have more sustainable farming practices, and it advocates for social justice among communities. Transparency and gender equality are keys elements at the core of the movement.

In short, fair trade aims to protect the labor and human rights of workers, alleviate poverty in developing countries, and encourage more sustainable ways of producing goods.

How does it work?

The main reason why workers can get paid higher wages than in the traditional trade system is that the supply chain between the producer and the consumer was scaled down to a minimum.

There is a direct trading relationship between small producers and fair trade organizations. Consumers can buy products directly from the producer, which means that no, or few, intermediaries were paid in between.

Producers get paid a guaranteed minimum price and a premium. That premium is invested in development projects like building schools or hospitals. It is also often used to improve basic infrastructures like the accessibility to safe drinking water.

History of the fair trade movement

The fair trade movement was born after the Second World War. In 1946, American businesswoman Edna Ruth Byler started importing needlecrafts from low-income women in Puerto Rico and began selling them in the United States.

She paved the way for the first fair trade organizations: founded respectively in 1946 and 1949, the Mennonite Central Committee and SERRV International aspired to develop fairer supply chains to help small producers in developing nations.

In the 1960s, the movement became popular in Europe when NGO Oxfam started selling in the United Kingdom handicrafts made in developing countries.

In 1968 at the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, the importance of developing a more equitable trade between developing and developed countries was highlighted. 

The slogan “Trade not aid” became widely popular, leading to the spread of the fair trade message around the globe.

More and more companies started selling fair trade goods like tea and coffee, which were the two first fair trade agricultural products. Coffee was the biggest growth engine behind the movement for many years!

In the late 1970s, the North American Trade Organization (now Fair Trade Federation) was founded, gathering different trade organizations, to hold conferences on the subject of fair trade.

The first fair trade label, “Max Havelaar,” was created in 1988. It is an independent certification allowing fair trade products to be sold on a wider scale, not necessarily in fair trade shops only.

The following year, 38 fair trade organizations were brought together to form the International Federation of Alternative Trade (now named the World Fair Trade Organization).

Various other organizations were born during that decade, leading to the creation of the Fairtrade Labelling Organizations International (now Fairtrade International or FLO) association in 1997. It aims to set fair trade standards and certify which products were produced accordingly.



The different fair trade organizations and labels

To this day, there have been a variety of different organizations promoting the principles of fair trade and offering guidance and certification for brands.

Fairtrade International

Fairtrade International (FLO) is the main structure that gathers 24 national Fairtrade labeling organizations.

FLOCERT is the main certifier for Fairtrade International. It audits producers to check if they comply with the organization’s standards by looking at every level of the supply chain.

If a product is certified “Fairtrade” (in one word), it can then display the FAIRTRADE Mark.

The FAIRTRADE Mark applies to products with a single ingredient, like sugar, cotton, fruits, or cocoa. If a product has multiple ingredients, all of which are certified Fairtrade, then the product is labeled with the FAIRTRADE Mark with a black arrow on the right.

But if, for instance, only one or two ingredients in the product are certified Fairtrade, the product shows a white FAIRTRADE Mark that indicates which ingredient is Fairtrade.


Fair Trade USA

Another organization that certifies fair trade products is Fair Trade USA, which recently became independent of Fairtrade International. It has its own certification standards but has a similar mission to label products that comply with the principles of fair trade. Their label “Fair Trade Certified” is only given to products in the United States.

Like Fairtrade International, Fair Trade USA can also give a specific label for multi-ingredient products. If not all the ingredients are fair trade, it indicates on the logo which one is Fair Trade Certified.

The label can also show a percentage: for instance, if it indicates 30%, it means that 30% of the ingredients in that product are Fair Trade Certified.

To show their commitment to fair trade, brands can also choose to join organizations like the World Fair Trade Organization and the Fair Trade Federation.


The World Fair Trade Organization

While Fairtrade International and Fair Trade USA certify products and ingredients, the World Fair Trade Organization (WFTO) aims to analyze the entire business. 

This means that it looks at the business model, the structure of the company, the whole supply chain, as well as other key elements.

The organization checks if the company truly implements the 10 Principles of Fair Trade. If it does, its products are certified with the label “Guaranteed Fair Trade”.


The Fair Trade Federation

The Fair Trade Federation, on the other hand, is not a certifier, but a network of businesses in Canada and the United States. It’s a trade association that promotes and helps North American companies that are applying fair trade principles. 

If their logo is shown on a product, this means that the company is a member of the Federation, and it’s meeting its fair trade standards.


Multiple organizations, multiple labels

Another common fair trade label worth mentioning is “Fair For Life”. It is a certification program that aims to promote fair trade and social accountability. It can certify each step of the production process of a product, as well as an entire company!

Numerous labels and organizations are certifying fair trade products. They’re a reliable indicator of the brand’s ethical and sustainable practices!

As consumers, we should be aware that some brands are advertising their products as fair trade with no official certification. We have no guarantee that they truly follow fair trade principles. So it’s important to do your research before buying a product!

6 fashion brands selling fair trade certified products

Fortunately, there are many brands available to us with official certifications we can trust. For instance, here are a few fashion and homeware brands you may be interested in checking out!

Yabal

Yabal is an NGO founded in 2005 to help two Guatemalan communities that were affected by a hurricane. It started a fair trade weaving project offering jobs with fair wages to dozens of women in the highlands of Guatemala. 

Yabal sells handmade fashion accessories and home decor items, and profits are reinvested in social programs in their communities. 

The NGO is a member of the World Fair Trade Organization and the Fair Trade Federation, and its products are made from sustainable materials. 

For a more in-depth review of the brand, check this blog post out!


Pact

Pact creates ethically made clothes for women, men, and children. It also sells quality baby clothing, as well as bedding. 

Most of its clothes are made from GOTS organic cotton, and they’re produced in Fair Trade certified factories. 

What I like about Pact aside from their commitment to sell sustainable products is that it’s fairly affordable compared to other fair trade brands. That’s a great bonus when you’re trying to shop consciously on a budget!

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People Tree

Using traditional artisan skills, People Tree is creating women’s clothing and accessories made from sustainable materials such as organic cotton, responsible wool, and Tencel. 

People Tree is GOTS certified and was the first fashion brand to be awarded the World Fair Trade Organization product label. Its clothes are dyed with low-impact dyes, without harmful azo chemicals. 

The company created the People Tree Foundation which aims to offer training and support to farmers and artisans in developing countries. It also promotes environmental initiatives and fair fashion practices.


No Nasties

No Nasties is an Indian brand that makes clothing for women and men. All of its products are vegan and made from 100% organic cotton. It is also the first clothing brand to be Fairtrade certified in India, and its products are sent in zero plastic packagings! 

For each clothing item you buy from this brand, the company is planting a tree in the same area where it’s growing its organic cotton.

No Nasties also created a non-profit called Once Upon A Doug. It employs women to upcycle factory waste fabric and recycle post-consumer clothing to create fashion accessories.


Etiko

Etiko is an Australian B-corporation that was the first in the southern hemisphere to become Fairtrade certified. It’s selling clothes and footwear for women, men, and children. 

Winner of the 2016 Australian Human Rights award in the business category, Etiko aims to advocate for the human rights of people working in exploitative industries. The brand also won the Fairtrade Certified Product of the Year award in 2013 and received the grade A+ in the Australian Ethical Fashion report in 2019. 

Etiko clothing is produced with organic cotton, and shoes are made from a blend of FSC certified rubber and recycled rubber.


Raven + Lily

Raven + Lily is a 100% women-led B-corporation that creates bags, jewelry, and home goods. 

The company gives 1% of its sales to organizations that share the same ethos, and it is a member of the Fair Trade Federation. It is making sure that it’s creating a respectful workplace by giving living wages to its workers and a 30-day paid leave. 

Raven + Lily is creating products using handcraft techniques and regionally sourced natural materials. 

The brand also upcycles scrap pieces of leather into new handbags and includes upcycled glass and brass in its jewelry and homeware lines.


Conclusion

There are many organizations and labels certifying products and businesses that follow fair trade principles.

They help consumers understand which brands are contributing to paying small producers fair wages, helping alleviate poverty in developing countries.

A fair trade label is also proof that the production process isn’t harming the environment, involving sustainable farming and manufacturing practices.

So if you're looking for more ethical and eco-friendly goods or clothes, fair trade products are an amazing option for you!

If you already buy fair trade clothes: what is your favorite brand that creates fair trade certified fashion? 


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About the Author:

Eva Astoul is a French freelance writer, specializing in content related to sustainability, simple living, and a growth-focused healthy lifestyle.

She runs her own blog, Green With Less, to inspire people to live a more minimalist and sustainable life.


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